How do antihypertensive drugs act on the kidneys? What does it mean for an antihypertensive to protect the kidneys?

Anti-hypertensive medications such as telmisartan work by targeting a hormonal system in the kidneys called the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). This system helps regulate blood pressure by influencing the retention of salt, water, and constricting blood vessels. By blocking this system with medications like angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors), we can lower blood pressure and protect the kidneys from damage. These medications are especially important for individuals with kidney disease or diabetes to prevent further kidney damage. Dialysis helps filter waste and remove excess water from the body in individuals with kidney failure, but medications are still necessary to manage blood pressure and water elimination.